Can you get an STD from someone's spit?

It is possible to get some STDs in the mouth or throat after giving oral sex to a partner who has a genital or anal/rectal STD. It is possible to get certain STDs on the genitals and genital areas after receiving oral sex from a partner with a mouth or throat infection.

cdc.gov - STD Facts - STD Risk and Oral Sex - CDC

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Patel et al. AIDS. 2014 Jun 19; 28(10): 1509–1519.

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Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica 2010;89:78-81. Benn PD, Rooney G, Carder C et al. Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection and the sexual behaviour of men who have sex with men. Sexually Transmitted Infections 2007;83:106-112. Bradshaw CS, Tabrizi SN, Read TRH et al. Etiologies of nongonococcal urethritis: bacteria, viruses and the association with orogenital exposure. Journal of Infectious Diseases 6 A.D.;193:336-345. Jin F, Prestage GP, Mao L et al. Incidence and risk factors for urethral and anal gonorrhoea and chlamydia in a cohort of HIV-negative homosexual men: the Health in Men Study. Sexually Transmitted Infections 2007;83:113-119. Bernstein KT, Stephens SC, Barry PM et al. Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae transmission from the oropharynx to the urethra among men who have sex with men. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2009;49:1793-1797. Lafferty WE, Hughes JP, Handsfield HH. Sexually transmitted diseases in men who have sex with men. Acquisition of gonorrhea and nongonococcal urethritis by fellatio and implications for STD/HIV prevention. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1997;24:272-278. Stamm WE. Chlamydia trachomatis Infections of the Adult. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;575-593. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transimitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2010. Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report 2010;59:1-110. Paavonen J, Westrom L, Eschenbach D. Pelivc Inflammatory Disease. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;1017-1050. Hitti J, Watts DH. Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections in Pregnancy. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;1529-1561. Kohlhoff SA, Hammerschlag MR. Gonoccal and Chlamydial Infections in Infants and Children. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;1613-1627. Geisler WM, Krieger JN. Epididymitis. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;1127-1145. Berman SM, Cohen MS. STD Treatment: How Can It Improve HIV Prevention in the South? Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2006;33:850-857. Rottingen JA, Cameron DW, Garnett GP. A systematic review of the epidemiologic interactions between classic sexually transmitted diseases and HIV: how much really is known?. [Review] [147 refs]. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2001;28:579-597. Fleming DT, Wasserheit JN. From epidemiological synergy to public health policy and practice: the contribution of other sexually transmitted diseases to sexual transmission of HIV infection. [Review] [81 refs]. Sexually Transmitted Infections 1999;75:3-17. World Health Organization. Consultation on STD interventions for preventing HIV: what is the evidence? 1-54. 2000. UNAIDS/00.06E, WHO/HIS/2000.02. 2-19-2010. Colven R. Generalized Cutaneous Manifestations of STD and HIV Infection: Typical Presentations, Differential Diagnosis, and Management. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;1177-1197. Murray AB, Greenhouse PR, Nelson WL, Norman JE, Jeffries DJ, Anderson J. Coincident acquisition of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and HIV from fellatio. Lancet 1991;338:830. Wong ML, Chan RK. A prospective study of pharyngeal gonorrhoea and inconsistent condom use for oral sex among female brothel-based sex workers in Singapore. International Journal of STD & AIDS 1999;10:595-599. Morris SR, Klausner JD, Buchbinder SP et al. Prevalence and incidence of pharyngeal gonorrhea in a longitudinal sample of men who have sex with men: the EXPLORE study. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2006;43:1284-1289. Sackel SG, Alpert S, Fiumara NJ, Donner A, Laughlin CA, McCormack WM. Orogenital Contact and the Isolation of Neisserioa gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum from the Pharynx. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1979;6:64-68. Wong ML, Chan RK, Koh D. Promoting condoms for oral sex: impact on pharyngeal gonorrhea among female brothel-based sex workers. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2002;29:311-318. Castor D, Jolly PE, Furlonge C et al. Determinants of gonorrhoea infection among STD clinic attenders in Trinidad – II: Sexual behavioural factors. International Journal of STD & AIDS 2002;13:46-51. Hook EW, III, Handsfield HH. Gonococcal Infections in the Adult. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;627-645. Jin F, Prestage GP, Imrie J et al. Anal Sexually Transmitted Infections and Risk of HIV Infection in Homosexual Men. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes: JAIDS 2010;53:144-149. Weir SS, Feldblum PJ, Roddy RE, Zekeng L. Gonorrhea as a risk factor for HIV acquisition. AIDS 1994;8:1605-1608. Peterman TA, Furness BW. The resurgence of syphilis among men who have sex with men. [Review] [65 refs]. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 2007;20:54-59. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Transmission of primary and secondary syphilis by oral sex–Chicago, Illinois, 1998-2002. MMWR – Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report 2004;53:966-968. Hourihan M, Wheeler H, Houghton R, Goh BT. Lessons from the syphilis outbreak in homosexual men in east London. Sexually Transmitted Infections 2004;80:509-511. Imrie J, Lambert N, Mercer CH et al. Refocusing health promotion for syphilis prevention: results of a case-control study of men who have sex with men on England’s south coast. Sexually Transmitted Infections 2006;82:80-83. Simms I, Fenton KA, Ashton M et al. The re-emergence of syphilis in the United Kingdom: the new epidemic phases. 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Campos-Outcalt D, Hurwitz S. Female-to-female transmission of syphilis: a case report. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2002;29:119-120. Ditzen AK, Braker K, Zoellner KH, Teichmann D. The syphilis-HIV interdependency. International Journal of STD & AIDS 2005;16:642-643. McCall MB, van Lith-Verhoeven JJ, van CR et al. Ocular syphilis acquired through oral sex in two HIV-infected patients. Netherlands Journal of Medicine 2004;62:206-208. Jin F, Prestage GP, Kippax SC et al. Epidemic syphilis among homosexually active men in Sydney.[see comment]. Medical Journal of Australia 2005;183:179-183. Shafii T, Radolf JD, Sanchez PJ, Schulz KF, Murphy KF. Congenital Syphilis. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;1577-1612. Jin F, Prestage GP, Mao L et al. Transmission of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in a prospective cohort of HIV-negative gay men: the health in men study. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2006;194:561-570. Lafferty WE, Coombs RW, Benedetti J, Critchlow C, Corey L. Recurrences after oral and genital herpes simplex virus infection. Influence of site of infection and viral type. New England Journal of Medicine 1987;316:1444-1449. Lafferty WE, Downey L, Celum C, Wald A. Herpes simplex virus type 1 as a cause of genital herpes: impact on surveillance and prevention. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2000;181:1454-1457. Lowhagen GB, Tunback P, Andersson K, Bergstrom T, Johannisson G. First episodes of genital herpes in a Swedish STD population: a study of epidemiology and transmission by the use of herpes simplex virus (HSV) typing and specific serology. Sexually Transmitted Infections 2000;76:179-182. Corey L, Wald A. Genital Herpes. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;399-437. Whitley RJ. Herpes Simplex Virus. In: Wallace RB, ed. Public Health and Preventive Medicine. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; 2008. Coyle PV, O’Neill HJ, Wyatt DE, McCaughey C, Quah S, McBride MO. Emergence of herpes simplex type 1 as the main cause of recurrent genital ulcerative disease in women in Northern Ireland. Journal of Clinical Virology 2003;27:22-29. Lowhagen GB, Tunback P, Bergstrom T. Proportion of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and type 2 among genital and extragenital HSV isolates. Acta Dermato-Venereologica 2002;82:118-120. Bradford RD, Whitley RL, Stagno S. Herpesvirus Infections in Neonates and Children: Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;1629-1658. Smith EM, Ritchie JM, Summersgill KF et al. Age, sexual behavior and human papillomavirus infection in oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers. International Journal of Cancer 2004;108:766-772. Kashima HK, Shah F, Lyles A et al. A comparison of risk factors in juvenile-onset and adult-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Laryngoscope 1992;102:9-13. D’Souza G, Kreimer AR, Viscidi R et al. Case-control study of human papillomavirus and oropharyngeal cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 2007;356:1944-1956. Coutlee F, Trottier AM, Ghattas G et al. Risk factors for oral human papillomavirus in adults infected and not infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1997;24:23-31. Dahlstrom KR, Li G, Tortolero-Luna G, Wei Q, Sturgis EM. Differences in history of sexual behavior between patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and patients with squamous cell carcinoma at other head and neck sites. Head & Neck 2010;33:847-855. D’Souza G, Agrawal Y, Halpern J, Bodison S, Gillison ML. Oral sexual behaviors associated with prevalent oral human papillomavirus infection. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2009;199:1263-1269. Kreimer AR, Alberg AJ, Daniel R et al. Oral human papillomavirus infection in adults is associated with sexual behavior and HIV serostatus. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2004;189:686-698. Kreimer AR, Alberg AJ, Viscidi R, Gillison ML. Gender differences in sexual biomarkers and behaviors associated with human papillomavirus-16, -18, and -33 seroprevalence. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2004;31:247-256. Rintala M, Grenman S, Puranen M, Syrjanen S. Natural history of oral papillomavirus infections in spouses: a prospective Finnish HPV Family Study. Journal of Clinical Virology 2006;35:89-94. Clarke J, Terry RM, Lacey CJ. A study to estimate the prevalence of upper respiratory tract papillomatosis in patients with genital warts. International Journal of STD & AIDS 1991;2:114-115. Aaltonen LM, Cajanus S, Back L, Nieminen P, Paavonen J, Ranki A. Extralaryngeal HPV infections in male patients with adult-onset laryngeal papillomatosis. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 2005;262:708-712. Gillison ML, Broutian T, Pickard RKL et al. Prevalence of oral HPV infection in the United States, 2009-2010. JAMA 2012;307:E1-E11. Winer RL, Koutsky LA. Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;489-508. Castro TP, Bussoloti F, I. Prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral cavity and oropharynx. [Review] [82 refs]. Revista Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia 2006;72:272-282. Miller CS, White DK. Human papillomavirus expression in oral mucosa, premalignant conditions, and squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective review of the literature. [Review] [99 refs]. Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology & Endodontics 1996;82:57-68. Terai M, Hashimoto K, Yoda K, Sata T. High prevalence of human papillomaviruses in the normal oral cavity of adults. Oral Microbiology & Immunology 1999;14:201-205. Derkay CS, Darrow DH. Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. [Review] [63 refs]. Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 2006;115:1-11.

Derkay CS. Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. [Review] [39 refs]. Laryngoscope 2001;111:57-69.

Hawes SE, Kiviat NB. Screening for Cervical Cancer. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;1075-1104. Balasubramanian A, Palefsky JM, Koutsky LA. Cervical Neoplasia and Other STD-Related Genital Tract Neoplasias. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;1051-1074. Datta DS, Dunne E, Saraiya M, Unger E, Markowitz L. Human Papillomavirus. In: Roush SW, McIntyre L, Baldy LM, eds. Manual for the Surveillance of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. Fourth ed. Atlanta, GA: Centers of Disease Control and Prevention; 2008;1-10. Markowitz LE, Dunne EF, Saraiya M, et al. Use of 9-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination: updated HPV vaccination recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR – Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report. Recommendations and Reports. 2014;63(RR05):1-30. Petrosky E, Bocchini Jr JA, Hariri S, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccination: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR – Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report. 2015;64(11):300-304 Derkay CS, Wiatrak B. Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: a review. [Review] [106 refs]. Laryngoscope 2008;118:1236-1247. Ragin CC, Modugno F, Gollin SM. The epidemiology and risk factors of head and neck cancer: a focus on human papillomavirus. [Review] [152 refs]. Journal of Dental Research 2007;86:104-114. Kreimer AR, Clifford GM, Boyle P, Franceschi S. Human papillomavirus types in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas worldwide: a systematic review. [Review] [31 refs]. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 2005;14:467-475.

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Gillison ML. Human papillomavirus-related diseases: oropharynx cancers and potential implications for adolescent HPV vaccination. [Review] [99 refs]. Journal of Adolescent Health 2008;43:Suppl-60. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Making Sense of Your Pap and HIV Test Results. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [serial online] 2008; Available from: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed February 25, 2010. National Cancer Institute. Pap Test Fact Sheet. National Cancer Institute [serial online] 2009; Available from: National Cancer Institute. Accessed February 25, 2010. Keet IP, brecht van LN, Sandfort TG, Coutinho RA, van Griensven GJ. Orogenital sex and the transmission of HIV among homosexual men. AIDS 1992;6:223-226. del Romero J., Marincovich B, Castilla J et al. Evaluating the risk of HIV transmission through unprotected orogenital sex. AIDS 2002;16:1296-1297. de Vincenzi I. A longitudinal study of human immunodeficiency virus transmission by heterosexual partners. European Study Group on Heterosexual Transmission of HIV. New England Journal of Medicine 1994;331:341-346. Page-Shafer K, Shiboski CH, Osmond DH et al. Risk of HIV infection attributable to oral sex among men who have sex with men and in the population of men who have sex with men. AIDS 2002;16:2350-2352. Samuel MC, Hessol N, Shiboski S, Engel RR, Speed TP, Winkelstein W, Jr. Factors associated with human immunodeficiency virus seroconversion in homosexual men in three San Francisco cohort studies, 1984-1989. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1993;6:303-312. Vittinghoff E, Douglas J, Judson F, McKirnan D, MacQueen K, Buchbinder SP. Per-contact risk of human immunodeficiency virus transmission between male sexual partners. American Journal of Epidemiology 1999;150:306-311. Lavoie E, Alary M, Remis RS et al. Determinants of HIV seroconversion among men who have sex with men living in a low HIV incidence population in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapies. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2008;35:25-29. Schacker T. The role of HSV in the transmission and progression of HIV. [Review] [45 refs]. Herpes 2001;8:46-49. van Griensven GJ, Tielman RA, Goudsmit J et al. Risk factors and prevalence of HIV antibodies in homosexual men in the Netherlands. American Journal of Epidemiology 1987;125:1048-1057. Raiteri R, Fora R, Sinicco A. No HIV-1 transmission through lesbian sex. Lancet 1994;344:270. Darrow WW, Echenberg DF, Jaffe HW et al. Risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in homosexual men. American Journal of Public Health 1987;77:479-483. Moir S, Chun T-W, Fauci AS. Immunology and Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;341-358. Coombs RW. Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis of HIV-1 and Use of Viral RNA to Monitor Infection. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;1329-1347. Eron JJ, Hirsch MS. Antiviral Therapy of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;1393-1421. Kaplan JE, Masur H. Preventing Opportunistic Infections Among HIV-Infected Persons. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;1423-1440. Decker CF, Masur H. Clinical Management of HIV Infection: Management of Opportunistic Infections. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE et al., eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Fourth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008;1441-1467. Cornett PA, Volberding P. AIDS-Related Malignancies. 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Hawkins DA. Oral sex and HIV transmission. Sexually Transmitted Infections 2001;77:307-308.

cdc.gov - STD Facts - STD Risk and Oral Sex - CDC

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