Survivalist Pro
Photo by Klaus Nielsen Pexels Logo Photo: Klaus Nielsen

How long can you go without food in the wilderness?

In general terms, the human body can go two to three days without water and, it is often said in survival guides, 30 to 40 days without food of any kind. (Many of these guides also discourage people from scavenging for wild plants or shrubs because of the adverse effects these can have.)

Does the US government pay Native Americans?
Does the US government pay Native Americans?

The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) does not disburse cash to individuals, and contrary to popular belief, the U.S. government does not mail out...

Read More »
How much cash can you deposit before it is reported to the IRS?
How much cash can you deposit before it is reported to the IRS?

$10,000 Reporting cash payments A person must file Form 8300 if they receive cash of more than $10,000 from the same payer or agent: In one lump...

Read More »

In the 1940s, in one of the world's great acts of civil disobedience, Mahatma Gandhi went 21 days without food, surviving only on occasional sips of water. Gandhi was in his mid-70s at the time and thin as a reed. But he survived this hunger strike, by no means his first, without any obvious harm. In fact, he would live another four years before his life was cut short by a religious fanatic.

By contrast, Rita Chretien, the 56-year-old B.C. woman who survived nearly 50 days in the Nevada wilderness, existed, it is believed, on a small amount of left-over food and melted snow, raising the question: How long can a person get by without food or water?

It is an issue inquiring minds have been studying for 1,000 years or more, about as long as there have been hunger strikes. (In fact, for months now, Indian scientists have been examining, for the second time, an 82-year-old mystic, Prahlad Jani, who claims to have not eaten anything in almost 70 years.)

There are no precise answers.

Aminatou Haidar, sometimes called the Gandhi of the Western Sahara, underwent a 32-day hunger strike in 2009 to protest against her expulsion from her homeland because of her activism. (Reuters) In general terms, the human body can go two to three days without water and, it is often said in survival guides, 30 to 40 days without food of any kind. (Many of these guides also discourage people from scavenging for wild plants or shrubs because of the adverse effects these can have.)

The female advantage

Water is clearly the most important requirement. It takes an average of eight to 10 cups of water to replenish what our bodies lose each day. A lack of fluid causes problems with kidney function within just a few days, particularly if a person is active. For Chretien, the three main priorities would be thirst, cold and then food, said Gordon Giesbrecht, a professor of thermo-physiology at the University of Manitoba who is known as Professor Popsicle for his experiments enduring cold-weather environments. "The fact that this was a colder environment would allow her to live longer without water," compared with trying to survive in a desert, said Giesbrecht.

Starvation and metabolism

When it comes to food, most clinicians now believe that women can survive longer than men without nourishment because women tend to have more body fat and less muscle mass, which requires more calories to maintain. Still, starvation or near-starvation takes its toll on the body and its internal organs, as concentration camp and famine survivors have clearly shown.

What is the most difficult situation in your life?
What is the most difficult situation in your life?

Death of a loved one. Death is the ultimate truth in life. It could come to anyone at any time. The sorrow it casts is always tough to handle.

Read More »
How long is end of life?
How long is end of life?

People are considered to be approaching the end of life when they are likely to die within the next 12 months, although this is not always possible...

Read More »

Exactly how much food or water these individuals were able to ingest has always been open to speculation. In purely scientific terms, the 1981 hunger strike by IRA political prisoners in Northern Ireland probably produced the most usable evidence of what the modern human body can endure. In the end, 10 prisoners died after undergoing between 46 and 73 days without food. Most had been in reasonable health. But as Dr. Alan Lieberson reported in Scientific American magazine a few years ago, "the duration of survival without food is greatly influenced by factors such as body weight, genetic variation, other health considerations and, most importantly, the presence or absence of dehydration." In Chretien's case, having a van for shelter during the long, cold nights might have also helped her mental state, Giesbrecht said.

Toxic byproducts

Deprived of food, as any dieter knows, the body literally consumes itself. In extreme cases, the liver starts to break down body fat and then protein in a process known as ketosis within three to four days. Metabolism slows and the body begins to exude a sour odor as it goes on to mine muscle and organs, chiefly the kidneys and liver, for energy. Ketosis produces toxic byproducts, which can be excreted but ultimately lead to the potentially lethal condition called ketoacidosis. That is how starvation works. Near-starvation is a different story and has no doubt occurred often throughout human history because of famine or illness. A result of that is that, in times of need, the human metabolism can slow somewhat to conserve energy, though many researchers feel that this ability varies from individual to individual. In fact, some scientists believe that the genes that give rise to diabetes, a huge problem today because of our rich diets, are part of an evolutionary makeup that allowed our ancestors to survive long periods of scarcity by making more economical use of the body's energy.

How do I stop loving someone?
How do I stop loving someone?

These tips can help you start the process of moving forward. Acknowledge the truth of the situation. ... Identify relationship needs — and deal...

Read More »
What should be kept away from oxygen tanks?
What should be kept away from oxygen tanks?

Never place the tank or machine near an open flame (e.g., matches, lit candles, a stove in use). Keep the oxygen tank at least six feet away....

Read More »
What 3 foods should we not eat?
What 3 foods should we not eat?

5 unhealthy foods you should avoid, according to a nutritionist Hot dogs. Processed meats in general are just one of the worst things you can put...

Read More »
What does an insecure person act like?
What does an insecure person act like?

Insecurity is a feeling of inadequacy (not being good enough) and uncertainty. It produces anxiety about your goals, relationships, and ability to...

Read More »