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What are 7 lively virtues?

They are often enumerated as chastity, temperance, charity, diligence, patience, kindness, and humility.

en.wikipedia.org - Seven virtues - Wikipedia
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Seven virtues in Christian tradition

In Christian tradition, the seven heavenly virtues combine the four cardinal virtues of prudence, justice, temperance, and fortitude with the three theological virtues of faith, hope, and charity. The seven capital virtues, also known as contrary or remedial virtues, are those opposite the seven deadly sins. They are often enumerated as chastity, temperance, charity, diligence, patience, kindness, and humility.

Seven heavenly virtues [ edit ]

Cardinal virtues [ edit ]

The four cardinal virtues were first defined by 4th-century theologian Ambrose as "temperance, justice, prudence, and fortitude". These were also named as cardinal virtues by Augustine of Hippo, and were subsequently adopted by the Catholic Church. They are described as "human virtues" in the Catholic Catechism.[1] Prior to Ambrose, these four qualities were identified by the Greek philosopher Plato as the necessary character traits of a good man, and were discussed by other ancient authors such as Cicero. They can also be found in the Jewish Book of Wisdom, which states that wisdom "teaches moderation and prudence, righteousness and fortitude, and nothing in life is more useful than these."[2]

Theological virtues [ edit ]

The theological virtues are those named by Paul the Apostle in 1 Corinthians 13: "So faith, hope, love remain, these three; but the greatest of these is love."[3] The word "love" (agape in Greek) is translated in the King James Bible as "charity". The traditional understanding of the difference between cardinal and theological virtues is that the latter are not fully accessible to humans in their natural state without assistance from God.[4] Thomas Aquinas believed that while the cardinal virtues could be formed through habitual practice, the theological virtues could only be practised by divine grace.[5]

Seven capital virtues [ edit ]

The seven capital virtues (also known as the contrary or remedial virtues)[6] are those thought to stand in opposition to the seven capital vices (or deadly sins). Prudentius, writing in the 5th century, was the first author to allegorically represent Christian morality as a struggle between seven sins and seven virtues. His poem Psychomachia depicts a battle between female personifications of virtues and vices, with each virtue confronting and defeating a particular vice.[7] However, Prudentius did not base his allegory on the cardinal and theological virtues, nor did he use the traditional list of capital vices. The combatants in the Psychomachia are as follows: Virtue Latin Sin Latin Chastity Pudicitia Lust Sodomita Libido Faith Fides Idolatry[8] Veterum Cultura Deorum Good Works Operatio Greed Avaritia Concord Concordia Discord Discordia Sobriety Sobrietas Indulgence Luxuria Patience Patientia Wrath Ira Humility Mens Humilis Pride Superbia The success of this work popularised the concept of capital virtues among medieval authors. In AD 590, the seven capital vices were revised by Pope Gregory I, which led to the creation of new lists of corresponding capital virtues. In modern times, the capital virtues are commonly identified as the following:[9] Virtue Latin Sin Latin Chastity Castitas Lust Luxuria Temperance Temperantia Gluttony Gula Charity Caritas Greed Avaritia Diligence Diligentia Sloth Acedia Kindness Humanitas Envy Invidia Patience Patientia Wrath Ira Humility Humilitas Pride Superbia Although some medieval authors attempted to contrast the capital vices with the heavenly virtues, such efforts were rare.[10] According to historian István P. Bejczy, "the capital vices are more often contrasted with the remedial or contrary virtues in medieval moral literature than with the principal virtues, while the principal virtues are frequently accompanied by a set of mirroring vices rather than by the seven deadly sins".[11]

See also [ edit ]

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Do tea drinkers live longer?

A large study published online Aug. 29, 2022, by Annals of Internal Medicine found that drinking black tea was associated with a longer life. Researchers evaluated the self-reported tea-drinking habits of about half a million middle-aged people in the United Kingdom and followed them for more than 11 years.

health.harvard.edu - Drinking black tea linked to longevity - Harvard Health

November 1, 2022

News briefs

Break out the teacups: it may be time for a toast to black tea, one of the most popular beverages in the world. A large study published online Aug. 29, 2022, by Annals of Internal Medicine found that drinking black tea was associated with a longer life. Researchers evaluated the self-reported tea-drinking habits of about half a million middle-aged people in the United Kingdom and followed them for more than 11 years. Most of the participants (85%) said they regularly drank tea, and 89% of the tea drinkers said they drank black tea. Compared with people who didn’t drink black tea, those who had two or more cups of black tea per day had a 9% to 13% lower risk of premature death from any cause, including lower rates of death from cardiovascular disease or stroke. The results weren’t affected if tea drinkers added milk or sugar to their tea; if the tea was warm, hot, or very hot; if tea drinkers also drank coffee; or if tea drinkers were extremely sensitive to caffeine. The study was observational and therefore can’t prove that drinking black tea caused people to live longer, but we do know that black tea is rich in plant chemicals (phytochemicals), especially theaflavins, which are associated with health benefits.

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