What are the 4 chains of survival?

The Links in the Chain of Survival Early Access to the emergency response system. Early CPR to support circulation to the heart and brain until normal heart activity is restored; Early Defibrillation to treat cardiac arrest caused by Ventricular Fibrillation; and. Early Advanced Care by EMS and hospital personnel.

zoll.com - The Chain of Survival for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

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In 1991, the American Heart Association (AHA) published "Improving Survival from Sudden Cardiac Arrest: The Chain of Survival Concept." This paper identified the idea that all communities should adopt the principle of early defibrillation and that all personnel who are expected, as part of their professional duties, to perform basic CPR, should be equipped with an AED and be trained to operate it. Since then, ILCOR (International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation) and the AHA have advocated that health professionals who have a duty to respond to a person in cardiac arrest should have a defibrillator available either immediately or within 1 to 2 minutes.

The Links in the Chain of Survival

The Chain of Survival depicts the critical actions required to treat life-threatening emergencies, including heart attack, cardiac arrest, stroke, and foreign body airway obstruction. The links within this Chain of Survival include: Early Access to the emergency response system. Early CPR to support circulation to the heart and brain until normal heart activity is restored; Early Defibrillation to treat cardiac arrest caused by Ventricular Fibrillation; and Early Advanced Care by EMS and hospital personnel. The first link, Early Access to the emergency response system, includes early recognition of the cardiac emergency and early notification of rescue personnel via a universal 1-1-2 telephone system (or 999 for the UK) as well as an internal alert system within specific facilities to trigger a response by designated trained and equipped personnel. The second link, Early CPR, is a set of actions that the rescuer performs in sequence to assess and support airway, breathing and circulation. The third link, Early Defibrillation, is the delivery of a shock to the heart to convert the heart's rhythm from Ventricular Fibrillation back to a normal heart rhythm. However, in order for the patient to have the best chance of surviving an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, CPR and early defibrillation must be provided within the first 4 minutes of the cardiac arrest (the European Resuscitation Council/American Heart Association recommends 3 minutes), followed by Advanced Life Support within the first 8 minutes of the arrest.

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What are the 3 B's in first aid?

Immediately check for any airway blockage, breathing, and circulation (A-B-C) and perform CPR.

adamssafety.com - Understanding the Four B's concept of First Aid - Adams Safety Training

The core principle of first aid is to save a human life by preventing further injury and promoting fast recovery. In case of an accident, first responders give pre-medical care (first aid) to the people, who are ill or seriously (or minor) injured. If they will understand the four B’s concept of first aid, then they can easily prioritize care when there are several injured people: • Breathing: Check for casualties who are not able to breathe properly. If such victims are not provided first aid within minutes, their brain cells will die as they are not breathing. Immediately check for any airway blockage, breathing, and circulation (A-B-C) and perform CPR. • Bleeding: If a victim is bleeding heavily, provide first aid care to him/her before emergency help arrives. This may require you to use bandages or other medicines you happen to find at the accident site. • Broken bones & fractures: A fracture is a broken bone. Fracture can be closed or open and it requires medical attention. If fracture is the result of major injury, call local emergency number first, and take necessary steps to avoid further injury such as stop bleeding, apply ice packs and perform CPR if the victim is not breathing. • Burns: After covering casualties with above injuries, treat victims with burns. Depending on the level and type of burn injury, treat the patient to cool the affected area. Attend first aid training classes to learn about first aid for fractures, burns, and CPR.

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