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What are the 2 different types of tiny homes?

Generally speaking, we like to classify tiny homes into three groups: Tiny House on Wheels (THOW), Park Models (PMRV) and Tiny House on Foundation (THOF). Typically, tiny homes do not exceed 400 sq ft and that's due in part to certification requirements and the desire to live minimally.

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Tiny homes come in different shapes and sizes that can be uniquely designed to meet your lifestyle needs. Generally speaking, we like to classify tiny homes into three groups: Tiny House on Wheels (THOW), Park Models (PMRV) and Tiny House on Foundation (THOF). Typically, tiny homes do not exceed 400 sq ft and that’s due in part to certification requirements and the desire to live minimally. We like to think of tiny homes as intentional living and therefore the square footage shouldn’t be based on technicality but rather your intentionality. Depending on your lifestyle, goals and expectations knowing the different tiny house types could help you determine which tiny house is best for you. The beauty is that there is no “right” type of tiny house. It is really dependent on your situation and how you plan on utilizing the tiny house to fit your lifestyle and accomplish your goals. Common tiny house goals are: achieving financial freedom, shedding debt, reducing carbon footprints and living more sustainably as well as downsizing to live more simply and to live a balanced life.

TINY HOUSE ON WHEELS (THOW)

A THOW is a structure that is welded onto a trailer with wheels and can be transported on the road by a heavy-duty truck (i.e. like a Ford F350 or RAM 2500) . Many tiny homes on wheels are referred to as a travel trailer or gooseneck (also known as a fifth wheel) depending on the type of trailer it’s built on. The travel trailer is pulled by a trailer hitch on the rear bumper of a heavy duty truck. The style of THOWs built on a travel trailer will look more like a house since it has a more traditional look compared to a gooseneck. A gooseneck is more commonly found on longer trailers, that is usually on trailers that are 28’ or longer. This is because when towing, the trailer tongue sits in the center of the truck bed so towing is easier and more stable compared to a travel trailer. It also provides an additional room that's easily accessible with higher ceilings compared to a loft. Most likely your builder will recommend which trailer you should have. They will discuss options, benefits and drawbacks depending on your custom tiny house design needs. We strongly recommend using a builder that builds to a certification type (i.e. RVIA, PWA, NOAH, or Bildsworth) to ensure it meets safety standards. Typically, THOWs are less than 400 sq ft, no taller than 13.5’ and no wider than 8.5’. This ensures that they are street legal and can be transported without permits and that they meet RV or tiny house certification requirements. A THOW’s gross weight can range significantly depending on the trailer size it’s built on. Typically, you can find THOW built on trailers that are 16, 20, 24, 28, 30, 32, 36 and 40 feet long. Building a THOW is by far the easiest of all tiny home types and that’s for many reasons. For starters, it’s the most affordable. Many tiny home owners are able to buy their tiny house on wheels outright (the average tiny house is $55,000 with luxury custom models starting at $80,000) or are financed with an affordable monthly payment (average is $450 per month). Additionally, you can tow your house yourself or find a transport service to move it for you. It’s also highly customizable, even with the 400 sq ft restriction. When built by a certified tiny house builder who understands your climate, lifestyle and goals you can have a beautifully customized tiny house built to complement your life.

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There are so many uses for a tiny house on wheels: a transition home until you can afford a traditional house; a mother-in-law suite; your forever home; a retirement home; vacation home; work space; income property; etc. Many states/provinces define THOWs as an RV so you might encounter obstacles when it comes to parking since RVs are usually restricted as they are classified as part-time dwellings. Fortunately, many counties are adopting tiny homes into their zoning and building codes, Appendix Q is a good example of that. Despite the red tape, many THOW owners are able to find legal parking. For more information on THOWs, click to learn more about certification types, questions to ask your builder, find a builder, know your parking options, finance options and insurance options.

Park Model (PMRVs)

Park Models are also welded onto a trailer, similar to a THOW but the dimensions are different and they require a permit for transportation. PMRVs are built up to or less than 400 sq ft and can extend up to 12 feet in width. They are commonly found in permanent-type parking communities, where you can customize your PMRV and purchase or lease land at the same time. Since PMRVs are wider than THOWs they feel more like a traditional home and many will even include a built in deck to add to that extra homey-feel. Since Park Models are a type of RV they are also certified for part-time living. However many people live in them year-round. Because it’s harder to move these homes, they attract people who are looking for stability and a place to park in a long-term or permanent location. Even though they are also built up to 400 sq ft they tend to feel more spacious and usually include traditional sized furniture, appliances and trimmings. PMRVs generally start at $80,000 and can significantly increase in price based on customizations. The cost of living is more predictable since the house usually stays in one location. Because Park Models are considered an RV you could experience similar zoning issues as you would a THOW so it’s important to do your research.

TINY HOMES ON FOUNDATION (THOFS)

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Tiny homes on foundation are not portable, like their name suggests they are built on a foundation and are similar to a traditional house except they tend to be much smaller. Unlike THOWs and PMRVs, they are not restricted by the 400 sq ft requirement thus giving you far more flexibility. Common THOFs can look like smaller traditional homes or a container home, cabin or cottage. Building a THOF will be similar to building a traditional home as it will require the same approvals and go through the same permit process. The difference between a THOF and a traditional home is getting approval for the smaller square footage, since many locations have a minimum square footage requirement that might far exceed the intentional, tiny house design. Where you build the tiny house will dictate how small you can go but even if you are forced to build to their minimum square footage you can design the house so that it includes a section as an income property. This is a common compromise many THOF owners make in order to live intentionally and make additional money as well. THOFs are also commonly used as an ADU (auxiliary dwelling unit) as opposed to the primary house. Whether building from the ground up or renovating a garage, barn or shed, many people will live in their ADU while renting out their main house or will have an ADU built on family land. ADUs can have a wide range of functionality from guest houses to full-time living. If this is something you are interested in, be sure to check your local zoning and building codes to see how they define ADUs (i.e. some counties will even allow THOWs as ADUs). Appendix Q, is another avenue you can use for approval and guidance for THOFs under 400 sq ft. Many counties in various states are already recognizing and adopting this code. You should expect that building a THOF can be significantly more expensive than building a THOW or PMRV and tend to take longer to build due to approvals and permits. However, a THOF offers security, familiarity and comfortability. You can use a tiny house builder to build a tiny house on foundation however, it’s not required. Many traditional home builders and contractors are more than capable of building a tiny house on foundation. The key here is ensuring the design and layout of the house complements your lifestyle. For example, Eqocubz is an eco-friendly architectural company that offers THOF blueprints in an array of sizes and designs.

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