What four elements are found in the greatest abundance in the human body?

Nitrogen – 2.4kg The four most abundant elements in the human body – hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen – account for more than 99 per cent of the atoms inside you. They are found throughout your body, mostly as water but also as components of biomolecules such as proteins, fats, DNA and carbohydrates.

newscientist.com - What is the body made of? | New Scientist

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The composition of the human body contains around 20 different elements

The human body contains around 20 different elements, mostly made inside ancient stars. If you deconstructed an 80kg human into atoms, you would get about the following amounts of the different elements:

Oxygen – 52kg

This element makes up more than half the mass of your body but only a quarter of its atoms.

Carbon – 14.4kg

The most important structural element, and the reason we are known as carbon-based life forms. About 12 per cent of your body’s atoms are carbon.

Hydrogen – 8kg

The hydrogen atoms in your body were formed in the Big Bang. All the others were made inside a star long ago and were flung into space by a supernova explosion. So though you may have heard that we are all stardust, that isn’t strictly true.

Nitrogen – 2.4kg

The four most abundant elements in the human body – hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen – account for more than 99 per cent of the atoms inside you. They are found throughout your body, mostly as water but also as components of biomolecules such as proteins, fats, DNA and carbohydrates.

Calcium – 1.12kg

Phosphorus – 880g

Sulphur – 200g

Potassium – 200g

Sodium – 120g

Chlorine – 120g

Magnesium – 40g

Magnesium is a key component of superoxide dismutase, one of the most important detoxification enzymes.

Iron – 4.8g

Found in haem, the oxygen-carrying part of the haemoglobin molecule inside red blood cells

Fluorine – 3.0g

Hardens the teeth, though fluorine is not considered essential to life.

Zinc – 2.6 g

Strontium – 0.37g

Strontium is found almost exclusively in bones, where it may have a benefcial effect on growth and density.

Iodine 0.0128 g

Iodine is an essential component of the thyroid hormone thyroxine. Iodine is the heaviest element required by the human body.

Copper – 0.08g

Copper is a component of many enzymes. Copper deficiency causes neurological and blood disorders.

Manganese – 0.0136 g

Molybdenum – 0.0104 g

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What is hikers foot?

The term “Hiker's feet” has been proposed for the cutaneous foot manifestations of dermatomyositis [1]. Most of the patients had ASyS with anti-Jo-1 antibodies, and almost all had concomitant mechanic's hands. Hiker's feet is typically described as hyperkeratosis and cracking of the toes and plantar aspect of the feet.

link.springer.com - Hiker's feet | SpringerLink

A 32-year-old lady presented with complaints of roughening of the fingers and a rash over her face and neck for 6 months. She had difficulty in getting up from squatting position and raising arms overhead. For the last 2 months, she noticed dry cough and roughening of the skin of the dorsal aspect of her toes and lateral aspect of her feet. She complained of worsening of her weakness for the last 1 month. On examination, she had a periorbital heliotrope rash and a rash over her upper chest and back. There was hyperkeratosis of the radial aspects of her fingers (Fig. 1a). She had dryness and hyperkeratosis of the dorsal aspect of the toes and lateral margin of the feet (Fig. 1b and c). Chest examination revealed bibasilar crepitations. Laboratory evaluation revealed elevated creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase. CT scan of the thorax showed non-specific interstitial pneumonitis pattern of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Her ANA was negative. Myositis panel showed anti-Jo-1 positivity. She was diagnosed with anti-synthetase syndrome (ASyS). Fig. 1 Hyperkeratosis and roughening of the radial aspect of the hands (a), dorsal (b), and lateral (c) aspect of the feet Full size image

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