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What is a Tier 1 Special Forces?

The term Tier One Special Mission Unit or Special Missions Unit (SMU) is a term sometimes used, particularly in the United States, to describe some highly secretive military special operations forces. Special mission units have been involved in high-profile military operations, such as the killing of Osama bin Laden.

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Largely American term for secretive special forces

The term Tier One Special Mission Unit or Special Missions Unit (SMU) is a term sometimes used, particularly in the United States, to describe some highly secretive military special operations forces.[1] Special mission units have been involved in high-profile military operations, such as the killing of Osama bin Laden.

United States [ edit ]

The United States military definition in the Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms comes from Joint Publication 3-05.1 – Joint Special Operations Task Force Operations (JP 3-05.1).[2] JP 3-05.1 defines a "special mission unit" as "a generic term to represent a group of operations and support personnel from designated organizations that is task-organized to perform highly classified activities."[3] The U.S. government does not acknowledge which units specifically are designated as special missions units,[4] only that they have special mission units within the Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC), which is part of U.S. Special Operations Command (SOCOM). In the early 1990s then–Commander in Chief of SOCOM, General Carl Stiner, identified both Delta Force and SEAL Team Six as permanently assigned special mission units in congressional testimony and public statements.[5] In 1998, Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Walter B. Slocombe publicly referred to special mission units during a briefing to the Senate Armed Services Committee: "We have designated special mission units that are specifically manned, equipped and trained to deal with a wide variety of transnational threats" and "These units, assigned to or under the operational control of the U.S. Special Operations Command, are focused primarily on those special operations and supporting functions that combat terrorism and actively counter-terrorist use of weapons of mass destruction (WMD). These units are on alert every day of the year and have worked extensively with their interagency counterparts."[6]

List of United States military SMU's [ edit ]

So far, seven US military units have been publicly acknowledged as Special Mission Units: United States Army Special Operations Command (USASOC) The 75th Ranger Regiment's Regimental Reconnaissance Company (RRC) is part of United States Army Special Operations Command (USASOC), but is often gained by JSOC and has been described as a Special Mission Unit. It is called Task Force Red within JSOC. [17] Units from the Army's Special Forces, 75th Ranger Regiment, 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (160 SOAR), and Aviation Technology Office (ATO), and the joint Aviation Tactics Evaluation Group (AvTEG) are controlled by JSOC when deployed as part of JSOC Task Forces such as Task Force 121 and Task Force 145.[22]

Australia [ edit ]

The Australian Army's elite Special Air Service Regiment is described as being a "special missions unit with unique capabilities within the Australian Defence Force".[23] The Regiment is a component of Australia's Special Operations Command (SOCOMD), and is tasked with conducting "sensitive strategic operations, special recovery operations, training assistance, special reconnaissance and precision strike and direct action".[23] The SASR currently has four sabre squadrons, known as 1, 2, 3 and 4 Squadron.[24] The first three squadrons rotate through the two roles performed by the Regiment; one squadron conducts the counter terrorism/special recovery (CT/SR) role, and the remaining squadrons conduct the warfighting/reconnaissance role, while 4 Squadron is responsible for collecting intelligence and also supports the Australian Secret Intelligence Service.[25]

Notable operations [ edit ]

An Iraqi-American military interpreter pictured with Saddam shortly after his capture.

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