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Where do more than 75% of earthquakes occur?

The world's greatest earthquake belt, the circum-Pacific seismic belt, is found along the rim of the Pacific Ocean, where about 81 percent of our planet's largest earthquakes occur.

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Earthquakes can strike any location at any time, but history shows they occur in the same general patterns year after year, principally in three large zones of the earth: The world's greatest earthquake belt, the circum-Pacific seismic belt , is found along the rim of the Pacific Ocean, where about 81 percent of our planet's largest earthquakes occur. It has earned the nickname "Ring of Fire". Why do so many earthquakes originate in this region? The belt exists along boundaries of tectonic plates, where plates of mostly oceanic crust are sinking (or subducting) beneath another plate. Earthquakes in these subduction zones are caused by slip between plates and rupture within plates. Earthquakes in the circum-Pacific seismic belt include the M9.5 Chilean Earthquake [Valdivia Earthquake] (1960) and the M9.2 Alaska Earthquake (1964). , is found along the rim of the Pacific Ocean, where about 81 percent of our planet's largest earthquakes occur. It has earned the nickname "Ring of Fire". Why do so many earthquakes originate in this region? The belt exists along boundaries of tectonic plates, where plates of mostly oceanic crust are sinking (or subducting) beneath another plate. Earthquakes in these subduction zones are caused by slip between plates and rupture within plates. Earthquakes in the circum-Pacific seismic belt include the M9.5 Chilean Earthquake [Valdivia Earthquake] (1960) and the M9.2 Alaska Earthquake (1964). The Alpide earthquake belt extends from Java to Sumatra through the Himalayas, the Mediterranean, and out into the Atlantic. This belt accounts for about 17 percent of the world's largest earthquakes, including some of the most destructive, such as the 2005 M7.6 shock in Pakistan that killed over 80,000 and the 2004 M9.1 Indonesia earthquake, which generated a tsunami that killed over 230,000 people. extends from Java to Sumatra through the Himalayas, the Mediterranean, and out into the Atlantic. This belt accounts for about 17 percent of the world's largest earthquakes, including some of the most destructive, such as the 2005 M7.6 shock in Pakistan that killed over 80,000 and the 2004 M9.1 Indonesia earthquake, which generated a tsunami that killed over 230,000 people. The third prominent belt follows the submerged mid-Atlantic Ridge. The ridge marks where two tectonic plates are spreading apart (a divergent plate boundary). Most of the mid-Atlantic Ridge is deep underwater and far from human development, but Iceland, which sits directly over the mid-Atlantic Ridge, has experienced earthquakes as large as at least M6.9. The remaining shocks are scattered in various areas of the world. Earthquakes in the prominent seismic zones described above are taken for granted, but damaging shocks can occur outside these zones. Examples in the United States include New Madrid, Missouri (1811-1812) and Charleston, South Carolina (1886). However, many years usually elapse between such shocks.

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When was the last tsunami?

The Hunga Tonga - Hunga Ha'apai volcano erupted on Janu, and produced the strongest atmospheric blast ever recorded on modern instruments. It also generated a tsunami that affected the entire Pacific Ocean, and was recorded in parts of the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea.

rctwg.humboldt.edu - Most Recent Tsunami of Interest

Summary

The Hunga Tonga - Hunga Ha’apai volcano erupted on January 15, 2022, and produced the strongest atmospheric blast ever recorded on modern instruments. It also generated a tsunami that affected the entire Pacific Ocean, and was recorded in parts of the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. Five deaths were reported from the tsunami - 3 in Tonga, 2 in Peru. There were 18 injuries, including 14 in Tonga, 1 in Japan and 3 in California. There was no reported damage or injuries on the North Coast. The tsunami was recorded by the tide gauge in Crescent City for six days. It was also observed in other harbors and ports along Del Norte, Humboldt and Mendocino County coastlines. In Santa Cruz, California there was some flooding into the parking lots as well as strong currents in the harbor that moved several vessels and caused some damage. Several people were caught off guard by the tsunami near San Francisco and required assistance from the US Coast Guard and Fire Departments. Unless otherwise noted, all times here are in Pacific Standard Time (PST). PST is 8 hours behind UTC and 21 hours behind the local time in Tonga.

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